Saturday, December 18, 2010

informations/ communications


asean 2010
  1. indonesia: jakarta, medan
  2. malaysia: kuala lumpur
  3. japan: osaka, tokyo
  4. thailand: bangkok, aranya phatet
  5. laos PDR: hiao xiao
  6. cambodia: poipet
  7. philippines: manial, quezon city
    legazpi, duamguete
    cebu, davao



thailand - laos PDR
A. chiang kong – huay xai
  • boat ride Luang Prabang
  • bus ride to Chiange Rai
B. Nong Khai 0- Vietiane
  • friendship bridge
  • bus ride
C.chiange mai
  • train to Bahn Thunalengt
  • mini bus to Luang Prabang

Thailand – Cmabodia
  1. Aranya prathet/ poipet
  2. bangkok-chiang kong


Friday, December 17, 2010

Wednesday, December 8, 2010

Monday, December 6, 2010

Thursday, December 2, 2010

Monday, November 15, 2010

Monday, November 8, 2010

pamulaan center davao


university of southeast philippines
mintal, davao city, mindanano
november 8, 2010 workshop

Pamulaan Center for Indigenous Peoples Education is an educational institution dedicated to the indigenous peoples in the Philippines. The first of its kind in the country, its main thrust is to create a culturally appropriate and relevant pathways of TRAINING and FORMATION for the indigenous children, youth, community leaders, and development workers. The Center hopes to produce graduates equipped with knowledge and abilities to initiate collaborative actions towards sustainable development of IP communities. 

Tuesday, November 2, 2010

Saturday, October 23, 2010

Friday, October 22, 2010

ugat indy test

luzon, visayas, mindanao

Thursday, October 21, 2010

Sunday, September 26, 2010

Blindspots ng Pag-unlad sa Marinduque pagkaraan ng Marcopper at CMI …Kamote/Guerilla mining: ang Small-scale mining sa bayan ng Boac at Mogpog Marinduque

Pagkatapas ng mining operations sa probinsya ng Marinduque sa unang yugto ng ika-21 siglo at pag-iwan nang nakatiwangwas sa mga ilog ng Mogpog at Boac bilang biologically dead, nanatiling makabuluhang at napapanahong usapin ang small-scale mining operations hanggang sa ngayon.

Nais iproblematisa ng papel na ito ang mga dynamics ng implementasyon ng dalawang mining act sa malakihan at maliitang pagmimina sa isang banda at mga konsiderasyong panlipunan at pangkalikasan sa kabila. Pagtutuunan ng pansin ang mga social movements at ang kanilang diskurso ng pag-unald sa kanayunan o rural development. Ang Marinduque ay magandang basehan para sa kabuhan ng bansa upang kapulutan ng aral at karansan. Ang tinatawag nating  environmental cost lubhang mas mahal sa mga maliliit na probinsya o mga small-island province sa Pilipinas.  Nais din bigyan ng pagkakataon ng papel ang iba-ibang tugon ng mga non-governmental organizations, simbahan at maging ng iba pang stakeholders sa usapin ng pagmimina sa probinsya. Sa huli, binibigyan ng daan ng papel ang mga perspektiba ng mga nakikilahok sa pagmimina kung tawagan ay  kamote/ guerilla miners sa Marinduque.

Mahigit na sampung taon nang sarado ang malakihang pagmimina sa probinsya. Naitala nang ilang ulit sa kasaysayan ang disgrasya at pinsalang naidulot ng minahan hindi lamang sa probisnya o sa bansang Pilipinas kundi maging sa buong mundo. Ang pag-unlad ay hindi ganap na naabot sa pamamagitan ng ganitong modelo kung kaya hindi natatapos dito ang paghahanap ng ibang paraan. Ang inaasahan ng mga tao pagkatapos nang pagmimina ay ibang modelo, naging popular at madaling sagot ang turismo hindi lang sa bayan ng Sta. Cruz kundi maging sa iba pang lugar ng bansa.

Pero hindi pa rin mabubura sa alaala ang bakas at lagim nang mangyari ang sakuna, kung titimbangin o ihahambing ang naging kapalit ng kaunalaran sa pagmimina mukhang madaling sabihin na mas mahal ang kabayaran kaysa naging benipisyo ng minahan.
Grade 4 pa lamang ako nang mangyari ang insidente nito, maliban sa palagiang brown-out at bagyo ang sumunod naman ang pagbaha kasama ang burak at tailings mula sa minahan.

Tumagal ng mga araw, linggo at  buwan bago bumalik sa dati ang normal na kaayusan pero ang hindi na maibabalik ay ang pagkamatay ng Ilog ng Boac at mas naunang tinamaan, ang ilog ng Mogpog. Pero ano ba ang hindi nakikita sa larawan na ito? Kung mga taga-Boac o taga-Mogpog ang tatanungin, hindi mahirap na kunin ang kanilang opinyon at kahit sino pa ang tanungin mo ay nakakatiyak ako makakakuha ng parehong resulta, gusto nila mapasara ang minahan. Ayaw na nilang mabuksan ito kahit kelan, pero kung tatanungin naman ang ilang tao kung hindi man lahat sa bayan ng Sta. Cruz, malamang iba ang kanilang opinyon. Kung nasa memorya ng mga taga-bayan ng Boac at Mogpog ang lagim at pagkamatay, iba ang naaalala ng mga taga-Sta. Cruz.

Thursday, September 9, 2010

bikol indy test


arsa int'l conference
legazpi city, albay
sept 6-10, 2010

parallel sessin/ sept 8
social change+transformation
-fisherfolks/ diaspora:thailand
-canal+irrigation:japan
-rural policies:korea
-potable water:philippines

showcase performance

bikol indy test
sept. 9, 2010
fieldtrip bicol
6.30a assembly
7.30a departure from tabaco to san miguel island
10.30a tacurong boat trip
12p BU Tabaco Cmapus
1.30p tiwi, albay philippine ceramic pottery familiarization
2-3p san antonio rolling tour rice farming
4.30p mayon resthouse fog attack/ mist
5.30p cagsawa ruins before dawn
6p lingnon hill viewsdeck
albay by night
8p last colonial grill dinner

sept 10/ last session am keynote
pm parallel session

Friday, August 13, 2010

Wednesday, August 11, 2010

1521:cebu

postcolonialist historiography

Friday, August 6, 2010

festivals of festivals

asia tesol 

conference
august 12-15, 2010
wednesday/ aug. 11
8.15 departure 

naia teminal 3
930 arrival mactan 

cebu
cebu studies 

ceneter

thursday aug. 12
university of cebu
university of san 

jose
universiuty of the 

visuayas
university of san 

carlos

cebu studies 

center
usc main campus
-regional studies 

center's profile 

(luzon, visayas, 

mindanao)
consultative forum 

workshop
july 28-31, 2008 

DLSU Dasma

1. Cordillera 

Studies Center
2.Balay-SAliksikan 

ng Bulaccan
3.center for 

Kamapampangan 

studies
4.center for 

mindoro studies
5.center of 

tarlaquenos 

studies
6.cavite studies 

center
7.center for 

batangas studies
8.santa rosa 

studies center
9.atagan 

(alternatibong 

tahanan ng mga 

akda at gawang 

pansaliksik 

Tayabas 
10.cebuano studies 

center
11.leyte-samar 

historical studies
12.MSU-mindanao 

studies

Wednesday, July 21, 2010

postcolonial reflexivity

besa

int'l conference on postcolonial praxis

sa kaunaunahang pagkakataon ay mapapakingan ko na sana magbigay ng public lecture si rey ileto sa postcolonial praxis conference. maraming pang pangalan ang inaabangan ko, dati ay binabasa ko lang sila sa mga libro, articles at internet. mga pangalan tulad nina thelma kintanar, neferti tadiar, caroline hau, edel garcellano, jimmy abad, neil garcia, roland tolentino, owen lynch, as agcaoili, wendel capili, jing hidalgo, butch dalisay at marami pang iba. pero hindi ko naabutan ang dalawa sa tatlong araw ng kumperensya. Huling araw na nang ako ay makahabol para magbasa din ng sariling papel. Naabutan ko naman ang plenary session at ilang parallel sessions pero maliit na bahagi ito ng kabuuhang kumperensya gayunpaman, marami pa rin akong napulot na aral at lalong mahalaga ay nabasa ko din kahit paano ang papel ko. Bonus na din kung tutuusin ang huling hapunan sa bahay ng pangulong unibersidad.

Tuesday, July 20, 2010

kansai airport latte

July 20 7/8am jr bus back to Osaka
Limousine bus mcdo
The next day we got up early, hoping to get the next bus. But after getting lost and asking for directions we got to the bus. There was also a chance to get in the shinkansen back to Osaka, but we’d be happy to get the bus to enjoy the view. The problem is since we didn’t avail of the reserved seating, the bus leaves every hour. We needed to decide who gets first and who gets after. The first bus leaves by 7.20 and the next 8.20, the trip is about 8 hours long and for us to get to the airport by 6.50 in the evening. We thought time is on our side. I decided to get the next train; Floyd got the first so she could arrange the bus to the airport. But the trip, despite the precise time of leaving and arriving, was delayed. We got to the airport by 7pm but the gates were already closed.

15 min late
July 21+22 kix stranded
Yes, the bus and the flight was on time, we got 15 minutes late and we missed our trip back. We were so disappointed and angry for not making the trip back. I still a conference to catch the next day but we have stay for the next 2 days at the airport. We met some Filipino who got stranded too, if it was for anything we were able to stay a little longer than we expected

July 22 evening NAIA

Sunday, July 18, 2010

July 15 naia to kansai airport
Again just like our last trip to Indonesia, we had to leave UP by jeepney, then bus and finally a cab. We have to be at the airport two hours before the flight schedule. But unlike our midnight trip to Jakarta, our next trip was a day trip to Osaka. But since the weather has not improved that much, our 2.30 flight was delayed. We just made most of the time by eating a hearty lunch. We even packed something to eat when we get their. We also brought light meals. It was the most exciting 4 hours of flight. When we got at the kansai airport we were blown away, we could not believe we are really in Japan.

July 17+18 15th grad student phil. Stud. Forum
Osaka University, Suita main campus
The first day was tight; I need to get some permission to set up the mobile exhibit. We were also given hundreds of copies of our presentation to be distributed during our talk. We just need to staple all the pages together. The registration lunch time, there was no free meal until the welcome banquet. It was fine, we could wait. We just needed to set up the mobile exhibit first and listen to the presentations by Filipino and Japanese graduate students. Our presentations are not until the next day. There were parallel sessions, for the Japanese and Filipino. But there were a couple of times when we to together for plenary sessions. The other sessions are a curious mixed of both Filipino and Japanese in one room. Listening attentively and asking questions more passionately.

During the welcome banquet, the Philippine neda director was around to grace the event and a toast was raised for this year’s gspsf and after there was chance for a performance and of course free food and drinks. It was almost 7pm when we went home, we had to walk back and realized we got lost when we went in. it’s quite a big school moving from one place to the other means you need to get in by shuttle bus. Walking is a good thing, our hosts were just happy to practice their Filipino.

tokyo midnight

dqdfq

Midnight bus to Tokyo
After the forum, we just had dinner with our host and his mentor at a local restaurant, the Japanese version of turoturo of readymade meals. Just before going to the downtown Osaka and look for the bus that would take us to the Japanese capital. Expecting that it would be an adventure and there’s a great possibility of getting lost and loosing the midnight bus we decided to leave early. From Suita, we rode a bus to the train station that would get us to umeda hankyu. From there we need to find the landmark, Hilton hotel in Osaka buzzing center. When we were about to get lost we asked a couple of Japanese to show us the direction. But we were surprised of getting lost just ourselves; they accompanied us and got lost as well. But in the end, we able to find the terminal without them. But the young husband and wife were grimed and determined but to no avail. They could not accept this and really tried their best to show us the way. We just exchanged email ads and promised if they go to the Philippines, we’ll take good care of them. We got there pretty early, the bus does not stay then until 15 minutes before midnight. But we need to check in 2 hours before and we did. But before that, we have to wait for hours.

Thursday, July 15, 2010

Wednesday, July 7, 2010

indy test msc

July 7-11, 2010
MSC Research Park
+ Livelihood Center

INDY            Marinduque, Payatas
                                 Pilipinas
TEST                Jakarta, Medan
                                              Indonesia
MSC                Kuala-lumpur,
                   Malaysia


micro film screening
mobile exhibit

Friday, June 18, 2010

Tuesday, June 15, 2010

bagong taon

june 15, 2010/ martes

Sunday, June 13, 2010

Tuesday, June 8, 2010

kl, malaysia

June 7 Monday kl, Malaysia
Last night before giving up and staying for the night at the KL sentral we were able to take a bus which would take us to the china town. We were able to get a glimpse of Kuala Lumpur during the night. We saw the central market and finally got off at the china town. It was nothing short of exciting, although it’s very similar to the place we got in the country. We looked for our kind of food and we ended up not finding any but we were able to do something interesting. We were able to see noodles, rice cakes, Soya milk, sugar cane juice, etc. what we most like was the 1 ringgit per scoop food. It’s like for every scoop, one rice, two viands. For 3 ringgit you’ll get your stomach full. We had dinner before going back to KL sentral and we had lunch before going with our by foot experience. Finally towards the afternoon before going back to LCCT to catch our flight back to manila we don’t intend to miss going to Malaysia’s twin towers. Unfortunately for us, among the 7 days of the week, the day we went was the day that the former world’s tallest building’s sky deck was closed. Still we didn’t miss anything. We enjoyed the walk a lot. There are a lot of places we were able to go to but there are more reasons to go back either by foot or bus. Incidentally the conductor in the bus we took was also a Filipino; we were trying to find out how to go to KL sentral from the kl’s most famous tower. He replied in Filipino, sakay kayo sa underpass.

kuala lumpur, malaysia

june 6+7, 2010
kuala lumpur, malaysia



June 6 Medan to Kuala Lumpur

It was just a short plane ride from Median’s Polonia airport to the Low Cost Aircraft Carrier terminal in Kuala Lumpur. It just took us about a couple of hours before landing to the global city of Malaysia and it was hopping. There was an endless flow of people going and out of the airport and our first priority was to get some ringgit, true enough there were many money exchange establishments inside the airport. We have to decide whether to go straight to the bus station going to Singapore or stay put. We didn’t have enough time; our flight schedule is a little more than 24 hours back to manila. Going to Singapore would entail about 10 hours from Kuala Lumpur; we could take the bus or train. But we need to eat lunch first; I was imagining chicken stay while Floyd was thinking about cheeseburger and mcdo. I lost the wager and ate big Mac and a quarter pounder. But we tried to make most of our trip by trying to check out how to go to Singapore. We rode a bus to pudaraya to get to the bus terminal. We really had no idea where to stay and decided to leave our stuff at the airport; we spent about 300 ringgit to have a more pleasant land travel. We just packed up the bare essentials and left the rest at the airport.

Friday, June 4, 2010

medan, indonesia

june 3 to 6, 2010
polonia airport
sibolangit, medan, indonesia
pekan anti-otoritarian

Thursday, June 3, 2010

medan gathering

Our goal is to organize a mobile exhibit showing two sides of social reality in the Philippines, one urban (the 10th year anniversary of the payatas tragedy) and the other rural (the differing models of development in Marinduque). From this experience that we would like to share, we are also hoping to learn from the experiences of the Indonesian people. To start with we shared a few things, for one we have a colonial past which was a common starting point for most of the developing countries not only in Asia but in the whole planet. Another would have to be authoritarian rule, during the time of Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines and the Suharto after the transition from colonial rule to independence. Just like the Philippines, Indonesia also is an archipelagic country, with distinct ethnic, linguistic and cultural groups. Philippines is made up to more than 7000 islands divided in three major island groups. Both countries are also deeply religious, Indonesian has the largest Muslim population while the Philippines have a primarily Christian majority.

Wednesday, June 2, 2010

jakarta, indonesia

june 2+3, 2010
soekarno airport
waiting for the shuttle

Tuesday, June 1, 2010

asia indytest

jakarta, indonesia
medan, indonesia
kuala lumpur, malaysia

Saturday, May 8, 2010

indytest mogpog

abc hall
sining at kulturang mogpogenyo HQ

Friday, May 7, 2010

Thursday, May 6, 2010

Wednesday, May 5, 2010

Tuesday, May 4, 2010

Monday, May 3, 2010

Saturday, May 1, 2010

Wednesday, April 28, 2010

byernes

yehey

nakalabas na rin sa wakas

Monday, April 26, 2010

lisyang pag-asa

kala ko lalabas na ako
hindi pa pala

sabado pa lang ay wala na akong lagnat
linggo ay wala na ang mag pula sa katawan
lunes ay nakahanda na ako lumabas

sabi ng doktor, di pa pwede
mmakakahawa pa ako

sabi ko, di pa ako pwede manood ng sine
magsimba o pumunta sa parke

Thursday, April 22, 2010

german measles

ilang oras pagkatapos ng presentasyon
maghapon na walang kinain, magdamag na walang tulog
kinabukasan ay lumabas ang mga pulang kaskas sa akin balat
una sa mukha, tapos sa leeg, sa dibdib, sa braso hanggang binti
nang nagpatingin ako, di na ako pinauwi baka daw makahawa

Monday, April 19, 2010

marinduque

april 15, 2010
marinduque state college
tanza, boac, marinduque

indyfest pag-asa

indyfest 2010
pook pag-asa, batasan hills, quezon city

Thursday, April 15, 2010

marinduque indyfest

april 15, 2010/ opening
marinduque state college
tanza, boac, marinduque

Thursday, April 1, 2010

imc marinduque summer art camp

april 2010
s m t w t f s
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 WORKSHOP 1
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 WORKSHOP 2
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 WORKSHOP 3
25 26 27 28 29 30 WORKSHOP 4
may 2010
S M T W T F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 WORKSHOP 5
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 WORKSHOP 6
16 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31

workshop module
set a writing workshop
1.0 news writing
2.0 creative writing
3.0 feature/editorial writing

set b taking photos
4.0 basic photography
5.0 photo journalism

set c video making
6.0 film appreciation
7.0 basic cinematography
8.0 documentary filmmaking

set d using the web
9.0 basic internet
10.0 intro to blogging

Sunday, March 28, 2010

holyy weekk

monday to sunday
form A

Sta. cruz 8/40 sets
1. San Antonio 8/10
2. Labo 0/10
3. Kilo-Kilo 0/10
4. Lapu-Lapu 0/10

Buenavista 18/40 sets
5.Bagtingon 6/10
6.Bicas-Bicas 0/10
7.Bagacay 10/10
8.Yook 2/10

Mogpog 13/40 sets
9.Ino 2/10
10.Capayang 1/10
11.Anapog 2/10
12.Janagdong 8/10

Gasan 5/30 sets
13.Libtangin 0/10
14.Bang-Bang 5/10
15.Pangi 0/10

Torrijos 18/40 sets
16.Poctoy 3/10
17.Bonliw 1/10
18.Matuyatuya 8/10
19.Malinao 6/10

Boac 1/30
20.Maligaya 1/10
21. Balogo 0/10
22. Pawa

GRAND TOTAL= 63/220 (28.36%)

Wednesday, March 10, 2010


Marinduque Independent Media Center

1 province: 6 towns
6 towns: 18+ communities
18+ communities: 3 segment
3 segment ethnographies




1. Kilo-Kilo, Sta. Cruz
2. San Antonio, Sta. Cruz
3. Labo/ Lapu-Lapu, Sta. Cruz



4. Pawa, Boac
5. Maligaya/ Balogo, Boac
6. Cawit/ Poras, Boac



7. Matuyatuya, Torrijos
8. Bonliw/ Poctoy, Torrijos
9. Malinao, Torrijos



10. Yook/ Bagtingon, Buenavista
11. Bagacay, Buenavista
12. Bicas-Bicas, Buenavista



13. Janagdong, Mogpog
14. Anapog, Mogpog
15. Ino/ Capayang, Mogpog

16. Pangi, Gasan
17. Libtangin,Gasan
18. BangBang, Gasan


for more information/ details:

blidnspots.blogspot.com

ekontradiksyon.wordpress.com

marindukanon.multiply.com

Tuesday, March 9, 2010

1/3rd imc marinduque

march 10, 2010/ wednesday
nenalyn defensor speech lab
marinduque state college
school of arts and sciences

ab english 4
ab english 3

segment B/ interbensyon
segment C/ ebolusyon
segment A/ minahang bayan

Monday, March 8, 2010

2/3rd video ethnography
speech lab: 12.30pm to 2pm
ab english 2/ lang222
ab comm 3/ CA 306

segment A/ sta. cruz at boac

segment B/ torrijos at buenavista

march 8, 2010


WOMEN ACTIVISTS FROM FREE BURMA COALITION WILL JOIN TODAY 3, 000 DELEGATES OF WORLD MARCH OF WOMEN

Monday, March 1, 2010

buong marinduque


SEGMENT A/ Boac at Sta. Cruz
minahang bayan
SEGMENT B/ Torrijos at Buenavista
alternatibong kabuhayan
SEGMENT C/ Mogpog at Gasan
ebolusyon ng pagmomoryon

Sunday, February 28, 2010

e-kontradiksyon abstrak

Ang unang anim na linggo ay nakalaan sa paggalugad ng probinsya ng Marinduque bilang akmang pagsimulan ng pag-aaral sa mga modelo ng pag-unlad. Pumunta ako sa munisipyo ng anim na bayan upang humhingi ng permiso sa mga punong bayan, pagkatapos ay humingi din ako ng pahintulot sa mga punong baranggay upang makapagsimula sa pag-aaral. Sa pakikisalamuha ko sa mga opisyal, ordinaryong tao, naunang mga iskolar at iba pa ay nakagawa ng pansamantalang awtput. Pumili ako ng mga paksa, partikular na panahon at komunidad sa pag-aaral.

Ang kasunod na anim na linggo ay tinustos naman para sa pagpapakilala, pagpapaliwanag at paghikayat sa mga tao sa komunidad na makilahok sa pag-aaral ng pag-unlad. Nangangahulugan ito ng pakikipag-ugnayan sa mga tao sa komunidad, sa mga opisyal at hindi opisyal, upang magpalabas ng inisyal na awtput. Pagkatapos ay nag-iwan ako ng mga form bilang gabay na mga tanong upang maihanda nila ang sarili sa isasagawang interbyu. Pagkaraan ng sapat na panahon, pumili ako ng dalawa o tatlong mga tao sa komunidad upang makapanayam at makuhaan ng bidyo upang makapagbahagi ng kwento nila at pag-unawa sa pag-unlad.

Ang huling anim na linggo ay nakatuon sa pagkuha ng iba pang mga form na nasagutan ng mga tao sa komunidad na bagamat ay di ko nakapanayam ay nakalahok naman sa pamamagitan ng pagsasagot ng mga form na mayroon parehong diwa at kaisipan sa mga interbyu. Ang natitirang panahon ay ginugol sa pagsusulat, pag-eedit ng bidyo at pagpapalabas sa eskwelahan ng huling awtput ng pag-aaral sa kaunlaran.

Sa huli, ang pag-aaral ay hindi nagtatapos kundi kinakailangan madugsungan at mapagsimulan ng panibagong pag-aaral kung ano mang pagkukulang at limitasyon sa kasalukuyang pagtatangka.

E-KONTRADIKSYON O BLINDSPOTS NG PAG-UNLAD SA PILIPINAS: MGA OBSERBASYON SA TRAJEKTORI NG PAG-UNLAD SA PROBINSYA NG MARINDUQUE AT PAGTATAYO NG MGA ALTERNATIBONG KOMUNIDAD

1.0 abstrak

Friday, February 26, 2010

isang araw pagkatapos ng edsa

prebrero bente sais
nang si apo ay umalis
salitratura 2010
dagli at tanaga
the link, ang kasunod
na pagtatangka

Monday, February 22, 2010

araw ng marinduque


Pebrero 21, 2010
walang sugat/ sarswela
parada ng mga bayan
buenavista: tuba festival
torrijos: tubaan festival
gasan: gasan-gasang festival
sta. cruz: seafood festival
boac: bila-bila festival
mogpog: kanga festival

Saturday, February 13, 2010

e-kontradiksyon o blindspots ng pag-unlad


sta. cruz, marinduque
torrijos, marinduque
gasan, marinduque
buenavista, marinduque
boac, marinduque
mogpog, marinduque


1 probinsya: 6 na bayan
6 na bayan: 24 piling komunidad
24 piling komunidad: 10 minutong dokyumentari
10 minutong dokyu: maraming pusibilidad


unang 6 na linggo
kasunod na 6 na linggo
huling 6 na linggo

Ngunit ang hindi nakikita ay ang realidad na marami sa mga klase ng pag-unlad na ito ay hindi substansyal at panglabas lang. Kung ano man ang nasa likod nito ay hindi pa nauungkat o nalalaman. Tulad na lamang ng napakmisteryosong maskara ng moryon, na mukhang Europeo, balbas sarado, mahaba at mapilantik ang pilik mata, kulay gatas at krema ang balat at ang mga palamuti sa ulo at turbante ay hindi mapagkakamalan na hindi taal sa lugar.

Ano ang nasa likuran nito, ano ang kabuluhan, ano ang ibig sabihin, ano ang relasyon nito sa realidad? Depende kung ano ang hindi nakikita nang direkta, kelangan pang pag-isipan ng mas malalim, sipatin sa ibang perspektiba at pamamaraan bago maunawaan ang nasa likod nito. Kung gawa hindi na gagana ang mga makalumang modelo ng pag-unlad kundi kinakailangan ng ibang kasangkapan na angkop sa panahon at lugar.